راه‌حل مسئلۀ اگزیستانسی شر: واکاوی یک حلقۀ شناختی مغفول

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سمیه عسکری 1
مهدی عظیمی 2
بابک عباسی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، گروه فلسفه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 استاد گروه فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار گروه فلسفه، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
10.30497/prr.2026.249378.2070
چکیده
مسئلۀ اگزیستانسی شر بحرانی است که خداباوران در مواجهه با رنج‌های توجیه‌ناپذیر تجربه می‌کنند. پژوهش حاضر با روش تحلیلی-توصیفی و با رویکرد بینارشته‌ای (فلسفی، روان‌شناختی و الهیاتی) به واکاوی ساختار علّی این مسئله می‌پردازد و نشان می‌دهد که مسئلۀ اگزیستانسی شر دارای ساختاری چندلایه است که در آن «باور» به عنوان «عنصر ذاتی» و عامل واسط بین «رخداد شر» و «پیامدهای هیجانی-رفتاری» عمل می‌کند. این مقاله با تمرکز بر این عنصر ذاتی، الزامات بنیادین و چارچوب نظری لازم برای طراحی هر گونه راهکار عملی را ارائه می‌دهد، به طوری که بدون گرفتار شدن در مغالطۀ خلط کُنه و وجه، بر عامل قابل تغییر (باورها) تأکید می‌شود. نتیجه آن که تحلیل حاضر پایه‌های نظری محکمی برای این ایده فراهم می‌سازد که عبور از بحران مستلزم تبدیل شناخت نظری به باور وجودی و به‌کارگیری تکنیک‌های عملی برای درونی‌سازی معنا در رنج است. این گذار به مثابۀ یک دگرگونی در الگوی زیسته، کلیت وجود فرد را در بر می‌گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
مسئلۀ اگزیستانسی شر
باور
مدل ABC
بازسازی شناختی
معنابخشی
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Solution to the Existential Problem of Evil: An Analysis of a Neglected Cognitive Loop

نویسندگان English

Somayeh Askari 1
Mahdi Azimi 2
Babak Abbaasi 3
1 Ph. D. Candidate in Islamic Philosophy and Kalam, Department of Philosophy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The existential problem of evil is a crisis that theists experience when confronted with unjustifiable suffering. Using a descriptive-analytical method and an interdisciplinary approach (philosophical, psychological, and theological), the present study investigates the causal structure of this problem. It demonstrates that the existential problem of evil possesses a multi-layered structure in which "belief" functions as an "intrinsic element" and a mediating factor between the "occurrence of evil" and its "emotional-behavioral consequences". By focusing on this intrinsic element, this paper presents the foundational requirements and the necessary theoretical framework for designing any practical solution, such that emphasis is placed on the changeable factor (beliefs) without falling into the essence-accident fallacy. Consequently, the present analysis provides a solid theoretical foundation for the idea that overcoming the crisis requires transforming theoretical knowledge into existential belief and employing practical techniques for internalizing meaning in suffering. This transition, as a transformation in the lived pattern, encompasses the entirety of the individual's being.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

existential problem of evil
belief
ABC Model
cognitive restructuring
meaning-making
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