پژوهشنامه فلسفه دین (نامه حکمت)

توجیه و تحلیل معرفت

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه فلسفه و کلام اسلامی دانشگاه امام صادق (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در تحلیل معرفت، مفهوم «توجیه» مورد توجه جدی معرفت­شناسان قرار گرفته است. اینکه توجیه، در حقیقتِ معرفت داخل است، یا از شروط لازم یا کافی آن است، یا اساساً در تحلیل معرفت نقشی ندارد، هر یک، نظریاتی را به خود اختصاص داده است و لذا این نظریات، دیدگاه­های اصلاحی خویش در مورد تعریف معرفت را عرضه نموده­اند. تمامی این تلاش­ها به این جهت صورت گرفته تا بتوان مصادیق راستین معرفت را از غیر آن تشخیص داد. در این میان، غیر از عنوان توجیه، عناوین دیگری از جمله «تحلیل توجیه» و «عوامل توجیه» نیز مورد ملاحظه­ی اندیشمندان واقع گردیده است و طبعاً در مباحث مربوط به معرفت نیز اثر قابل توجهی از خویش به جای نهاده است. در این نوشتار، تلاش شده تا مروری اجمالی بر این دیدگاه­ها صورت گرفته و ویژگی­های آنها با یکدیگرمقایسه شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Justification and Analysis of Knowledge

نویسنده [English]

  • Reza Muhammad Zadeh

Assistant professor at the Department of Islamic philosophy and Kalam, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Epistemologists in analysis of knowledge have paid great attention to the concept of justification. They have devoted some theories about whether justification is a part of the essence of knowledge or of its necessary or sufficient conditions or basically has no role in analysis of knowledge. So these theories have offered their adjusted perspective about definition of knowledge. All those efforts have been made to recognize the real instances from unreal ones. In this regards, thinkers in addition to justification, have paid attention to subjects like "analysis of justification" and "ingredients of justification", which naturally have been great effect on the discussion of knowledge. This essay is to review these perspectives briefly and compare their characteristics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge
  • truth
  • justification
  • belief
  • Gettier Problem
  • reliabilism
  • internalism
  • externalism

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پژوهشنامه فلسفه دین (نامه حکمت)
دوره 1، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
آبان 1382
صفحه 11-44