The Theory of “the Unity of the Action, the Actor and the Acted upon” and Its Role in Explaining the Relationship between Self-worship and God-worship

Document Type : Short Paper

Author
Mohammad Kazem Forghani
Associated Professor, Department of Kalam and Islamic Philosophy, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran.
10.30497/prr.2022.76224
Abstract
Mulla Sadra has proved the unity of the knowing, the knower and the known at all levels of knowledge and not just at the level of intellect based on the unity of the soul and its faculties. The same arguments of Mulla Sadra can be used to prove the theory of the unity of the action and the actor (agent) by adding the theory of the unity of soul and body and concluding the unity of the physical actions with the mental actions and the unity of both with the soul of the actor. Just as in the theory of the unity of the knowing, the knower and the known, the known is the known per se, which denotes the known par accident, one can say the same in the case of the theory of the unity of the action, the actor and the acted upon. By applying this theory to an act called worship, we can achieve the union of the worship, the worshiper and the worshipped and show that what is worshipped in the first place is his known worshipped, which is united with his soul and, if it is true, denotes the objective worshipped and otherwise it has no objective correspondent. Thus, in any case (whether the right worship during which the true god is worshipped or the false worship during which what is not really worthy of worship is worshipped) God-worship is a form of self-worship. According to Mulla Sadra's ontological principles, the identity of God-worship and self-worship can be proved in another way. This unity can be proved on the basis of the two principles of the individual unity of existence and the exclusiveness of worship in the Almighty God. With this statement, the division of the worshipped into per se and par accident is eliminated, just as the division of the worshipped into real and unreal fades.
Keywords
The Unity of the Action
the Actor and the Acted upon
God-worship
Self-worship
Mulla Sadra
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Philosophy of Religion Research
Volume 20, Issue 1 - Serial Number 39
The short papers published in this issue are in the field of Practical Theology.
July 2022
Pages 165-172